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Materials and old maps of the Nihonbashi Library area in Chuo Ward
"Regishi Island Strategies and Water Marks" and "Japan Standard Field"
"Regishi Island Strategies and Water Marks" (2-32-1, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku)
Tour of Japan Standard Field (Chiyoda-ku)
In the early Meiji era, a British-style benchmark was set up, and a method similar to an immortal character was carved into immortal objects, and heights were surveyed. In Western Europe, we heard that there were many cobblestones, and instead of digging holes on the road surface to set a benchmark, they carved symbols on the wall and set equipment on the horizontal line (nogroove). Since then, the surveying method has changed in Japan, and punctuality standards have been no longer used, and since then, it seems that the number of remaining non-textual notations has decreased due to disasters, war disasters, or burials. In Chuo-ku, the standard sign is clearly present at the bottom of the "Ichiishibashi Lost Shirase Stone Mark". (The role as a benchmark has been completed.)
In addition, the related "Japan History Origin" is located in Minato-ku. This is also an important starting point.
Monument to the Toysler Memorial Hall of St. Luke's International Hospital and the ruins of the U.S.
Hello, this is Minori
I went to St. Luke's International Hospital Toysler Memorial Hall and the ruins of the American Embassy. It was a nice day.
[Toysler Memorial Hall] Resident Tangible Cultural Property (Place: in front of St. Luke's International Hospital) Founder of St. Luke's R.B. Toysler (1876-1934) The Toysler Memorial Hall was built in 1933 as a missionary hall at St. Luke's International Hospital. It is a two-story reinforced concrete building, and the exterior shows a Western-style architectural design that expresses the framework of pillars and beams. It was a wonderful house that I would like to live in. The monument of Toysler has a statue of Toysler.
[A monument to the site of the U.S. Embassy] Kumin Tangible Cultural Property (Place: In front of Toysler Memorial Hall) I went to the monument after the American Embassy in front of the Toysler Memorial Hall of St. Luke's International Hospital. The U.S. Embassy was opened in 1875 (1875) and was later in K until 1890 (1890). It is said that the two-story wooden envoy was a Western-style building with cream-colored paint. The exotic city with Western-style architectures and towering church towers was completely lost in the Great Kanto Earthquake. The monument in front of the Toysler Memorial Hall is made of stone cut off on the coast of Izu Peninsula, a shield-shaped star-shaped flag, an American national bird, a white head eagle (13 stars in the shield-shaped star-shaped flag and 13 stars around the white head eagle represent the 13 states of the United States at the time), and the five tombs.
<Reference> Supervision of "Chuo-ku Monoshiri Encyclopedia that can be seen on foot" Chuo-ku Tourism Certification Committee Monument to the Toysler Memorial Hall of St. Luke's International Hospital A stone monument explaining the monument to the site of the U.S. "Place of Braille Establishment" Monument
There is a parking lot
Behind it is a small "Ichiba Bridge Park", and there is a monument in the planting that says "the birthplace of Tokyo blind school, the place where Japanese Braille was established" (map below, red) Place).
This is to commemorate the opening of the predecessor of the University of Tsukuba Special Needs School for the Visually Impaired (School for the Blind) and the Hearing Special Needs School (School for the Deaf) in 1880 (Meiji 13) as the Rakuzenkai Kuminin School.
It is said that Kunnuiin soon became Kunnunblind, became a school under the direct control of the Ministry of Education, and was renamed Tokyo School for the Blind in 1887 (Meiji 20).
Kuraji Ishikawa of the Tokyo School for the Blind, in 1890 (Meiji 23), invented six-point Braille, which was enacted as "Japanese Braille" and became widely used in Japan.
The stone monument is easy to understand for the visually impaired, and it seems that it is created with attention to the size and shape that is comfortable to touch.
The bronze The Tsukiji / Akashicho area is famous as the birthplace of naval-related and mission schools, but I would like you to stop by such a monument.
Great Fire and Nagasakiya
In the Edo period, there were 1798 fires, of which 49 were large fires. A fire that caused a great deal of damage was caused by the fire. The Great Fire of the Meiryaku era in 1657 (furisode fire) → In the wake of this fire, Yoshihara, which was around Ningyocho, was forced to relocate to Asakusa. Great fire of Tenna (fire of Oshichi Yaoya) (1683) Great Fire of the Holy Calendar (1760) The Great Fire of Meiwa (Fire of Gyojinzaka) (1772) There are large cultural fires (1806) and large fires of Bunsei (1829).
The cause of the fire was arson, in addition to the misfire caused by the mismanagement of the fire for cooking and lighting. Especially in the late Edo period, political instability was caused due to the loss of authority of the Shogunate, and arson increased.
Nagasakiya also suffered a lot of damage and was forced to rebuild every time a fire was fired. After experiencing the great fire of the Meiryaku era, Capitans Zaharias Warhenar was informed of a fire from Honmyoji main hall in Hongo while having an audience with the Shogun's family rope on the 15th of New Year and visiting Masashige Inoue on the 18th. Wahhenar, who returned to Nagasakiya in a hurry, saw from the roof of the Holland House that sparks blown by the intense north wind were scattered. Ukiyo-e of the Great Fire of the Meiryaku era remains in the Edo Fire Map, so I will introduce it below.
The fire was approaching Nagasakiya, so I put my luggage in the warehouse and evacuated. It is said that they were burned down in about an hour after they evacuated. The following day, on the 19th, the fire was rampant from the previous day, and around noon, Edo Castle was also lit.
The great fire almost destroyed the town of Edo, and more than 60% of the city became burnt fields. The great fire also damaged Nagasakiya. According to the "Nagasaki Dutch trading post Diary" at the time of the great fire of Heitora in 1803, the Dutch side donated sugar, which was valuable at the time, to cover the cost of rebuilding Nagasakiya. In this way, the Holland House operated with assistance from the Dutch side and with the support of the Shogunate, but it was not able to withstand the excessive debt burden, and late Tokugawa shogunate transferred this land to neighboring Matsuzawa Sonpachi (Edo's best oil wholesaler), leaving only the Tang ginseng, about five frontages at the corner of Chuo-dori. Along with this, the Holland House, which lasted for more than 200 years, has disappeared, and the Edo Sanfu has disappeared.
Genemon Nagasaki, the eleventh generation, worshiped the riverbank of Matsumachi 2-chome, a gunshot ship in two years (1861) from the Shogunate, and was entrusted to the Edo Nagasaki Kaisho, and revived as a trader. . However, the business did not go smoothly.
◆ From Prince Shingen to Prince Ieyasu
The "Monet Museum" is located very close to Mitsukoshimae Station in Nihonbashi. The other day, I went there for the first time. In the building next to the Bank of Japan head office, you can visit for free.
The place where the current Bank of Japan head office is located is the place where there used to be a facility called "Kanaza" in the Edo period to make money for gold.
In addition, the current name of "Ginza" in Chuo-ku is derived from the fact that there was a "Ginza government office" that made silver coins in the Edo period. Chuo Ward has such a place related to currency of the Edo period.
The reason I decided to go to the Money Museum was that when I went to Yamanashi Prefecture in April to see cherry blossoms, I stopped at the Yunooku Kanayama Museum in Shimobe Onsen and distributed in Kai-kuni during the Warring States period. I was interested in knowing the money called Koshu Kin.
Certainly, since I saw Taiga drama series's Takeda Shingen, which I was doing during the bubble economy, I like Shingen and Yamanashi Prefecture somehow. It was a little difficult about "Koshu Kin", but I decided to summarize it because it was a great deal.
(around the Yunooku Kanayama Museum in Shimobe Onsen)
As you can see from which museum you will visit, at the beginning of the history of the currency system in the Edo period, you will first hear the explanation of Koshukin, which is said to have started in the Sengoku period before that.
Today, Yamanashi Prefecture, the country of Kai at that time, was the territory of the Takeda family familiar to Shingen, but in the era when technology advances made it possible to get a lot of money. Koshu gold, a lump of gold grains that can be used in the territory was made.
The Warring States period, when the weight of gold was emphasized during trading. It was a currency that was classified as "scale money", but since the weight was varied, it was necessary to weigh each time.
Therefore, Koshu gold changes to currency whose weight is unified so that it is not necessary to weigh it. It is a currency such as "1 coin, 1 minute, 1 vermilion, and thread money".
1 coin (15g) x 1 sheet ＝1 minute (3.75g) x 4 sheets ＝1 Vermilion gold (0.9375g) x 16 sheets ＝Thread gold (0.234g) x 64 sheets (Reference materials: Yunooku Kanayama Museum Exhibition Commentary Sheet "Koshu Kin") And By using the unit of money as a quadron of "1 car = 4 minutes = 16 vermilion = 64th thread", the value can be understood just by counting the number of copies, and money can be exchanged.
This is a novel gold coin whose value is determined by weight, with a face value displayed on the surface of the coin, and is classified as "count money".
Also, during the Warring States period, the "weight" of gold was regarded as important, so when making small money such as thread gold, a precise scale (scale) to weigh it was necessary . Therefore, the Takeda family gave the exclusive right to manufacture and sell scales to the "protective family" and made precision scales. In this way, the technology of scales also advances in the country of Kai.
Regarding gold, Koshu Kin's four-deciduous unit was adopted, and the money system was adopted for "1 car = 4 minutes = 16 vermilion". Regarding silver, the system of "scale money" remained, but for gold, the idea of "count money" of Koshu gold was adopted.
In terms of scales, the Tokugawa family defended the guards and left Edo shogunate's "Edo Libra" to the guards. This excellent scale technology was adopted as a common standard scale for the 33 eastern countries.
The place where the Libra was said to have been located is in Chuo-ku, and now there is a stone monument quietly between buildings.
(Nihonbashi 3-chome, 7, Himotohashi Takashimaya is slightly near Kyobashi.)
In this way, the Tokugawa administration has inherited the excellent part of the Takeda family's internal affairs.
The Takeda family of Kai has the image of an elite samurai corps, such as the flag of the Fengrin Volcano and a unit of equestrian and red armor. However, as can be seen from the Koshu Kin system and the Shingen-zutsumi created by flood control, it seems that he was the lord who performed excellent politics in governing the country.
At the end of the drama, Taiga drama series's "Takeda Shingen" depicted the scene of the Battle of Mikatagahara, in which Shingen hunted and defeated Ieyasu. However, the most impressive thing was that this drama introduced that Ieyasu had tried to reflect on his failure after losing the battle.
Time passed, the Takeda family was destroyed by Nobunaga Oda, and after the transformation of Honnoji, the country of Kai was ruled by Ieyasu. I think he was a partner who did not want to remember that he lost to the battle, but Ieyasu invited the former minister of the Takeda family with respect and referred to the Takeda family's method.
Ieyasu dared to absorb the other person's superiority positively, regardless of the past. I feel that such a place is one of the things to learn from Ieyasu and the things to follow.
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The Nihonbashi Library in Chuo Ward completed all renovation work last month, so I went there immediately.
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for sightseeing buses at the corner 
of the Ichiba Bridge intersection in front of Tsukiji Market, which is full of tourists from Tsukiji Market every day.
fitted in the stone monument has relief in the shape of the school and has a chronology of Braille and print.
