It was a famous story that the isolation was implemented since the era of the third shogun Iemitsu in the Edo period, but it was famous that Dejima in Nagasaki was the only window to open doors to the Netherlands and China. However, Nagasaki was not the only point of contact with foreign countries. That was in Edo Nihonbashi. At first, in the late Edo period, the Dutch trading director (Capitan) brought a large amount of souvenirs once every four years and went to Edo Sanfu in order to renew their authority with the generals. Was. Genemon Ehara (name: Nagasakiya), who lived in Nihonbashi Honishicho 3-chome and ran the Tang Ginsengza, provided the Holland House as a lodging for Sanfu until the end of the Edo period.
At present, there is a remarkable increase in inbound tourists from overseas, and it is true that Nihonbashi discovered a point of contact with foreign countries 200 to 400 years ago. As a material related to the Holland House, Katsushika Hokusai's "Eimoto Toyu" is famous, but the rest is very few. I would like to analyze the Nagasakiya and Holland House based on the materials provided at this time. In the first blog, I would like to tell you about the geographical location of the Holland House and the internal structure of the building created based on the imagination. The materials related to the Holland House are very limited, but I can't imagine most of them are not visualized in writing. In this blog, I tried to "visualize" the window to foreign countries during the era of isolation.
Since the cherry blossoms began to fall in Kapitan's Edo Sanfu, we left Nagasaki at the end of March (new calendar) and arrived in Edo in about two weeks via sea and land. There were more than 50 people from Nagasaki, but including those who took care of them in Edo, more than 100 people needed a very large dormitory. It could not be accommodated solely by the Holland House, located far away from the Tangjin Sogoya (Nagasakiya) in Honishicho 3-chome, and was also housed in a nearby inn. There is no doubt that a lot of money has fallen into the Nihonbashi area due to the Edo Sanfu of Capitan. I stayed in Edo for about two weeks, and it took about two months from leaving Nagasaki to returning.
Because of the era of isolation, security is extremely severe, and it cannot be imagined that exchanges with the general public of Edo were conducted as described in "Eimoto Toyu". This is thought to be a product of Hokusai's imagination. In Edo, it was almost incontinence, but it is said that intellectuals, doctors, and scientists such as Gennai Hiraga and Hoshu Katsuragawa visited the Holland House and absorbed advanced technologies overseas.
The Holland House, an annex of Nagasakiya in 3-chome, Honishicho, is the oldest "time bell" in Edo across the path "Kondo Shindo" (Honishicho 3-chome Shindo) with Iwatsuki-cho adjacent to 3-chome. I'm in contact with The site of Nagasakiya occupies a corner of Sanchome, and was a large set of warehouses built and lined up in Iyashiki. From the security point of view, it is imagined that the Holland House had an entrance on the Shindo side of Honishicho 3-chome, and that Nagasakiya was on the main street "Honishicho 3-chome Street". Nagasakiya is shown in the 1873 gu ticket map (real estate registry), but it has become smaller because management deteriorated in the late Edo period and sold real estate nearby, but it still has 400 tsubo. It is said that it initially occupied a corner of Honishicho 3-chome. (Nagasakiya's management deteriorated at the end of the Edo period, and the land was sold and moved to Tsukiji's foreign settlement, but has since closed.)
It is known that the Dutch named Blom Holtz had an exchange with the daughter of Nagasakiya during the Capitan era, so it is probable that there was an exchange inside. Nagasakiya is a separate building, but it was connected internally to the Holland House. There is a security guard at the entrance on the new road side, and it is probable that severe security was maintained and that communication with the outside was not possible during the stay. When you open the entrance door next to the guard, the stairs (14 steps?) There is a capitan party stays on the second floor. There must have been a kitchen, dining room, and waiting room on the first floor. There is a document that the smoke of the kitchen Kama went up to the second floor and struggled to smoke, so it is expected that the arrangement was as shown below.
There are still materials for interaction with Japanese people such as Gennai Hiraga, so I used the materials to imagine the layout on the second floor. On the second floor, there were guest rooms, capitan offices, doctor / secretary rooms, baths, etc. They were lined up like a tenement house, and there was a corridor in front of the room. I don't know if sleeping is a bed or a futon. In the doctor / secretary's room, there are pictures with stands and microscopes placed on the desk, so it is assumed that they used them to interact with Japanese intellectuals, Dutch scholars, and Dutch doctors.
It seems that there was a stand like a fire tower on the second floor. You will have been able to see the town of Edo from there, and you will have seen the spread of the fire in Edo.
Reference:
Seiichi Kiuchi: The first bell story of Edo (Ryutsu Keizai University Press)
Seiichi Kiuchi: Nagasakiya Monogatari, a Dutch lodging house in Edo (Ryutsu Keizai University Press)
Kazuo Katagiri: Dutchman in Edo (Nakakou Shinsho)
Kazuo Katagiri: Still, was Edo a isolation (Kikkawa Hirobunkan)?
Chuo-ku, Tokyo Board of Education: Chuo-ku History Chart (Nihonbashi edition)
