Official
What is the modern prison of headwater's "People's Acceptance"?
Hello. I'm Hanes, an active correspondent.
Historic buildings is dotted in Chuo-ku, but do you feel the history of the lighthouse in Tsukuda?
This is a monument called the "Ishikawajima Lighthouse Ruins", which was set up about 30 years ago when Tsukuda Park was built, and the ground floor is a public toilet.
Although it is a monument with a short history, it is somewhat historical because it is modeled on a real hexagonal two-layer Ishikawajima lighthouse.
The nightlight, the predecessor of the lighthouse, was built by the people of Ishikawajima in 1886, with the money of oil squeezed in 1886 for a ship sailing at the mouth of the Sumida River and off Shinagawa.
Since the end of the 18th century, Ishikawajima Hitoshi Ashoba has been set up around this area, and it is also stated in the official text of the Chuo-ku Tourism Certification that Shimizu Junki was serving as a Hitoshi Ashoshoba magistrate. I am.
However, for me, who was a choice of world history, it was a start from the level of "What is a crowd of people?"
In 1790, Sadanobu Matsudaira of Tokugawa shogunate built in Yoshihara between Ishikawajima and Tsukuda Island in 1790.
Mujuku refers to a person who has been sinned or misunderstood and removed from his family register.
In the Edo period, relatives sometimes took responsibility for children's debt and crime, so children were sometimes removed from family register.
In such a crowd, the detainees sought to rehabilitate and reintegrate into society while taking care of labor according to their skills.
It is therefore sometimes referred to as "the beginning of modern prisons."
On the other hand, the Temmacho prison, which existed in the ward from the Edo period to the Meiji 8 (1875), is equivalent to the stationary of the police station now.
Although he detained undetermined sinners in the prison, he did not let him work, which is very different from the crowd.
"Tsukuda Island Tomeidai Shimoshioboshi" of Hiroshige Utagawa, located in front of the seawall.
Although he is a laborer at a people-shooting place, oil squeezing is well known for the nightlight mentioned at the beginning.
However, Mujuku trained the profession he wanted to take after release, so in fact woodwork, wisteria, blacksmith, mason, shoe, bamboo, casting, Nettsutsu, tiled, lime, pottery, straw, sewing, rice wheat milling, machine, miso manufacturing, etc. were very diverse.
It would have been costly to arrange equipment and instructors for such a variety of trainings.
When training items are sold, 20% of the sales price will be deducted as expenses, the remaining one-third will be saved for human feet, and two-thirds will be paid on the 10th of each month, and will be released when the savings reach a certain amount It was a mechanism.
It seems that there was a generous support until reintegration, such as financial assistance and gifts of craftsmanship tools at the time of employment.
However, laborers were not limited to people's homes.
In response to the opening of the country, 200 people were dispatched from Ishikawajima to reclaim the site of a steelworks (shipyard) that was decided to be built in Yokosuka.
In addition, reclaimed people's feet were also dispatched to Oo-mura (currently Tomioka-cho, Futaba-gun, Fukushima Prefecture), and Edo-Shichigaya's Horiba was also served as a large number of people. It seems that the role has been switched to a major external role, and it has become possible to allocate national policies to reduce costs.
The more you look up, the more interesting you find.
Deep digging will be longer, so this time we focused on the difference between the crowd and the prison, the details and transition of labor, but we are also worried about the environment of the accommodation facility and examples of actually returning to society.
In the future, I would like to investigate the people's dropoffs and think about Ishikawajima on the day.
[Aside]
Ishikawajima Ashoshojo recorded over 600 people in more than 90 years after the start of oil squeezing labor.
When the donation was burned down and fired in the great fire of Koka 3 (1846), some shops were closed around for fear of people's feet.
However, in August 1856 (1856), when the donation was severely damaged by strong winds and tsunamis and was released, more than 70 people did not evacuate and engaged in the preservation of the donation with officials. It is said that.
There were also morals in the crowd.
(For information on the release of Temmacho prison, please refer to "The Rules of Edo Living in Reiwa-The Unknown Prison Magistrate, Ishide Otokichi Fuka's Decision-".)
References and Websites
[Documents]
Hiroshi Takashio, "Edo shogunate's 'Kakeshi' and People's Access: Criminal Policies for Reintegration into Society," Gumiko Shoin, 2019.
headwater for Liberation and Security Disposal in Japan, Sobunsha, 1974.
[Website]
Kokugakuin University “Rehabilitation Facility, Sadanobu Matsudaira’s“ People’s Affiliation Place ”: a variety of “facilities” that helped unjuku and sinners return to society.
https://www.kokugakuin.ac.jp/article/65993 (viewed on July 10, 2022)
Japan Skills Education and Development Center, a vocational training corporation, "13th" Hitoshishoba ""
https://www.jtex.ac.jp/site/?p=91 (viewed on July 10, 2022).
Ministry of Justice, Fuchu Prison
https://www.moj.go.jp/kyousei1/kyousei05_00080.html (viewed on July 10, 2022)
Ikuo Matsuyama, "Welfare Treatment in People's Places", Saga University's Faculty of Culture and Education, Saga University's Faculty of Culture and Education, Research Papers, Saga University, 17 (1), 99-109, 2012.
http://id.nii.ac.jp/1730/00020715/ (viewed on July 10, 2022)