Official
Number Bank, Past and Present
Hyakujushi Bank, Juroku Bank, 77 Bank…。 There are several banks in Chuo-ku that have names with numbers. What does this number mean? With the change in the interest rate policy of the Bank of Japan, deposit interest rates have begun to rise as much as sparrows tears, and people are likely to review their banks, let's take a walk and visit the history of "number banks."
As you walk through Nihonbashikabutocho, the city of stock, you will see the plate of the birthplace of the bank, which is fitted on the wall of the Kabuto-cho branch of Mizuho Bank. It shows that the Daiichi National Bank, which was established by Eiichi Shibusawa and others in 1872 (1872), was located here, and then reorganized and merged, and the current Mizuho Bank is a descendant. is.
On the wall of Mizuho Bank, the birthplace of the bank, there is also a panel that conveys the remnants of the time.
Despite being granted the right to issue banknotes under the National Bank Ordinance, this bank is managed by private capital and private management. Second and third in less than 10 years…In 1882 (1882), when the Bank of Japan was founded and the issuance of banknotes was unified into a new central bank, the number banks were converted to ordinary banks, and the word "national" disappeared.
After that, like the first Kunitachi Bank, each of them changed their names or went out of business after many twists and turns, and even now only the original numbers are Juroku Bank, 77 Bank, Hyakugo Bank, and Hyakujushi Bank. In addition, the name of the bank of the merger partner and the docking Daishi Hokuetsu Bank and 18 Shinwa Bank can be said to be the succession group in a broad sense.
The 77 Bank (Nihonbashi Branch) was founded with the support of Eiichi Shibusawa.
All of these six banks are regional banks, but all have branches in Chuo-ku, and Nihonbashikayabacho, just beyond the first site, Mizuho Bank's Kabuto-cho branch, is based in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture. There is the Nihonbashi branch of the 77 Bank. The 77th National Bank, the founder of the 77th National Bank, started a blessing start in 1878 with strong physical and mental support from Eiichi Shibusawa. Tokyo's stores are close to the Tokyo Stock Exchange (currently the Tokyo Stock Exchange), and they have maintained close relationships with the exchange for many years.
If you walk a little to Chuo-dori, the Tokyo branch of Hyakujushi Bank (head office = Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture) has a store on the south side of Sakura-dori St. from Nihonbashi Takashimaya, a department store. The surrounding area is home to shoppers and business people, making it the most advantageous location among the number banks, but from the name of the number line, it is difficult for the banks in which prefectures or Yoso people to understand. Because of this, the show window on the wall showcases the local tourism resources through Kotohiragu Shrine, Takamatsu festivals, and photographs of works by artist Yayoi Kusama on Naoshima.
Showcasing the charm of Kagawa through photos of local festivals
By the way, this bank, Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc. examined the user's evaluation of product strength and ease of use of services, etc. It is also a popular bank that caught in the 11th place, mixed with megabanks.
Another Tokyo sales department of Hyakugo Bank was found in the same town. Located on the second floor of a lacquerware store building near Minamizume in Nihonbashi, the main store is Tsu City, Mie Prefecture. Move a little north and along the Edo-dori St. in Nihonbashi Honmachi, there is also the Tokyo branch of Juroku Bank (head office = Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture). The gorgeous video advertisements and posters of the Takayama Festival and the cormorants of the Nagara River attract attention.
In many cases, the name of the bank changes due to the merger, but one example of adding kanji (character) while retaining the old number is the Daishi Hokuetsu Bank, which has its head office in Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture. "Daishihoketsu" is read as bank. The Tokyo branch is located opposite the Nihonbashi Sankoshimoto store in Nihonbashi Muromachi, but the first floor is an antenna shop in Niigata, and the bank store is upstairs. There is no sign on the front of the building, so you may overlook it. 18 Shinwa Bank in Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture also changed its name to the line name "Number plus character" by merger. The Tokyo branch is located on the 9th floor of a high-rise building in Kyobashi.
The 4th Hokuetsu Bank store is quietly located on the upper floor of the antenna shop in Niigata.
Simply calculating, 147 "numbers" have disappeared so far, but there are quite a few that have disappeared due to management difficulties, etc. rather than a name change. For example, the 27th National Bank. In 1927 (1927), when the bank was renamed Tokyo Watanabe Bank in the Taisho era, when the Finance Minister at the time was informed by the Imperial Assembly that the Tokyo Watanabe Bank collapsed, and after the installation turmoil, it was actually broken. This bank, which triggered the Showa Financial Depression, seems to have been near the main pillar of the Shipping Bridge, which once remains in Motozaimokucho, now Nihonbashi 1-chome.
The 100th National Bank, which was founded in Tokyo, was absorbed and merged with Mitsubishi Bank (currently Mitsubishi UFJ Bank) in 1943, and lost its number. It seems that the Bungo Kafu Nagai also deposited a considerable amount of assets. In his diary "Shokutei Nijo" on January 4, 1930 (1930), there are rumors that there will be a fuss of bank installation from the previous year, so I went to Kyobashi's No. 100 Bank in the morning There is a statement that he withdrawed his deposit and transferred it to Mitsubishi Bank. Considering the relationship between the two lines later, it can be seen that the person named Kafu was a very good financial institution.
The Tokyo Sales Department of the 82 Bank, which was born as a result of the addition.
Lastly, I would like to introduce an extra edition number bank. If you think that the 82 Bank in Nagano City, Nagano Prefecture, inherited the name of the 82nd National Bank, which was born in Tottori during the Meiji era, it is not true. The head family has already been changed to another name, and the current 82 Bank, which has the Tokyo Sales Department in Nihonbashi Muromachi, was born by adding the numbers of both sides when the 63rd Bank and the 19th Bank merged in 1931 (1931). It can be said that it is a playful naming for a firm bank.
▽Major Reference Materials
“Bank Transition History Database (https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/library/hensen/)” (Japanese Bankers Association Bank Library)
"Checking Shokutei Nijo" (upper) Kafu Nagai (Koichi Isoda) Iwanami Bunko
"Document: Collapse of Tokyo Watanabe Bank" Satakagon Depression
"Reading and Walking Nihonbashi" Takashi Shiraishi, Keio University Press