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Question 1.

Which of the following are not in the era of 　the time when Tsutashige lived?

A. Horeki

B. Meiwa (Meiwa)

C. Kansei (Kansei)

D. Kyowa era (Kyowa)

[Aim]

　"Tsutashige" Juzaburo Tsutaya (hereinafter "Tsutashige") is a publisher who was active in the Edo period.

　There are many eras in the Edo era (36 in total from the Keicho era to the Keio era), so if you keep in mind the era when Tsutashige lived, the events and times series of that era will be easier to organize. I think. 

[Read answer]

D. Kyowa era (Kyowa)

[Description]

Tsutashige was born in Edo's Yukaku Yoshiwara (currently Chizuka, Taito-ku) in 1750 (1750), and in 1797 (1797), he was 47 years old due to "Kake" called "Edo Wazurai". 48 years old. The average life expectancy in the Edo period was between 30s and 40s. However, the average life expectancy at the age of 10 is said to be around 50 years old) ).

The Kyowa era is the next era (1801-1804) of Kansei, who died of Tsutashige.

During the time when Tsutashige lived (47 years), there were the following six eras.

　The reasons for changing the era in the Edo era are (1) the renovation by the new emperor (the beginning of the year), (2) the renovation that renews the occurrence of an earthquake or a major fire (disaster change), and (3) the year of a meeting where a major change occurs in the zodiac There was a change that was thought to be due to the replacement of General Tokugawa.

　Even so, it's a bit surprising that there were six eras in the 47 years when Tsutashige lived!

Question 2.

　Which of the following is the correct combination of Shogun Tokugawa and the old man in the era when Tsutashige was most active.

A.Ieshige Tokugawa and Okitsugu Tanuma (Tanuma)

B. Ieharu Tokugawa and Okitsugu Tanuma

C. Ieharu Tokugawa and Sadanobu Matsudaira (Matsuda)

D. Ienari Tokugawa and Sadanobu Matsudaira

 [Aim]

　The important thing in learning a historical person is to know what era the person lived in (the background of the times).

This question is the question 　of "who and what kind of politics and policies" in the days when Tsutashige lived.

[Read answer]

　B. Ieharu Tokugawa and Okitsugu Tanuma

[Description]

　1783 (1783), when Tsutashige was active (1718) 1783 (1783), when the Koshodo, which will be described later in question 5, was moved from Yoshiwara to Tsuyu-cho, Nihonbashi district (Tori-Aburacho).

　Okitsugu was the 9th general, Ieshige Tokugawa (period of reign: 1745 (1745)-1760 (1760)), followed by the 10th general, Ieharu Tokugawa (period of reign: 1760)-1786 (1786) and 1786 (1786)). As a result, the town of Edo was full of vigor, the flower of culture opened, and Tsutashige's achievements expanded.

　However, when the Shogun Ieji, who was backed by 1786 (1786), died in 1786 (1786), he was resigned from the old man, and his rival Sadanobu Matsudaira (1758)-1829 (1829) in 1786 (1758) and 1829 (1829) were 1) 1) 111. As a result, the trend of the world has changed, and Tsutashige has been punished under publication control.

※ The figure below compares the life of Tsutashige with the general Tokugawa of this question choice a to d side by side.

Question 3.

　Which of the following events have not occurred in the days when Tsutashige lived?

A. The Great Eruption of Mount Fuji

B. Great famine in Tenmei

C. The Great Eruption of Mount Asama

D. Establishment of Ishikawajima Hitoshishoba (Ninsoku Yoseba)

[Aim]

　As mentioned above (Question 2), the important thing in learning a historical person is to know what era the person lived in (the background of the times).

　This question is a question of "what happened" in the days when Tsutashige lived.

[Read answer]

　A. The Great Eruption of Mount Fuji

[Description]

　The great eruption of Mount Fuji (Hoei era great eruption) occurred in 1707 (1707) before Tsutashige was born.

　Tenmei's great famine is one of the three major famines in Edo that lasted from 1782 (1782) to 1788 (1788) (the other two are "Kyoho's great famine" and "Tenpo era's great famine"). . The great eruption of Mount Asama and extreme weather that occurred in 1783 (1783) also spread damage to crops, causing serious famines nationwide.

　The large eruption of Mount Asama (the large eruption of the Tenmei era) is an eruption that occurred in 1783 (1783) as described above. The famine state that has continued since 1782 (1782) developed in Edo and Osaka, etc. (1787)), and the reforms that were implemented with a strong sense of crisis It is a reform of Kansei by Sadanobu Matsudaira.

　Ishikawajima Hitoshishoba was established in 1790 (1790) by Sadanobu Matsudaira as part of the reform of Kansei, in response to the proposal of Heizo Hasegawa (Heizo Hasegawa) of Heizo Hasegawa (Heizo Hasegawa) of the fire thieves. It was installed on Ishikawajima (now Tsukuda). This is because many people from rural areas flow into urban areas due to the great famine in Tenmei, etc., and there are no lodgings. Due to the increase in the number of people removed from family register and the increase in crime, it was set up to protect the security of Edo.

　Looking at this way, it seems that the era when Tsutashige lived was also a difficult era due to natural disasters.…。

Question 4.

　Where is the place where Tsutashige was born and raised?

A. Kamakura Riverside

B. Former Yoshihara (former Yoshihara)

C. Shinyoshiwara (Shinyoshiwara)

D. Honjo

[Aim]

　It is said that the place and environment in which a person was born and raised have a major impact on the formation of the person's gender and behavioral style.

　In that sense, I think it is very important to know Tsutashige's background in knowing the human being called Tsutashige.

[Read answer]

　C. Shinyoshiwara (Shinyoshiwara)

[Description]

　As mentioned above (Question 1), Tsutashige was born in 1750 (1750) in Edo's Yukaku Yoshiwara, and was adopted by the Kitagawa family at the age of seven (counting years) due to separation of his parents.

　The Kitagawa family is a Hikite Chaya on the Gojiken Michi in Omonguchi, Yoshiwara and Daimonguchi. It runs a teahouse that guides customers to the prostitute in the amusement area, and its name is Tsutaya, and its owner, Jirobei Tsutaya, is said to be Tsutashige's brother-in-law (the child of Tsutashige's adoptive father). I am.

　Yoshiwara was a place where there was a playground officially recognized by the Shogunate, but at that time there was also the aspect of a social gathering place for adults and a place of origin for fashion, and I think that being born and raised in such places and environments, Tsutashige was born .

　The difference between Motoyoshihara and Shin-Yoshiwara, which are the options, is described below, but is the difference between the location before the relocation of Yoshiwara Yukaku and the location after relocation.

All four place names, options a to d, are places where prostitutes and playgrounds were located during the Edo period.

The banks of Kamakura (now near Uchikamida, Chiyoda-ku) are places where it is said that there was already a prostitute around 1603, when Ieyasu Tokugawa opened the Shogunate. Since the prostitute at that time was unofficial by the Shogunate, the petition of Jinnemon Shoji and others allowed the establishment of a certified playground in 1617 (1617), and the following year, the following year, the castle town was opened near Nihonbashi Ningyocho. (Keiseimachi) was opened, and the location was changed to "Yoshiwara" and "Yoshiwara" was changed to "1.

After that, the Great Fire of the Meiryaku era (1657) forced the relocation to Asakusa Nihonzutsumi (currently Senzoku, Taito-ku) due to the Great Fire of the Meiryaku era (1657), and the Yukaku after the relocation was called "Shin Yoshihara", and the Yukaku before the relocation was called "Moto Yoshiwara". It came to be distinguished.

　However, during the Holy calendar year (1751-1764), the Yoyo (charge) is cheaper than Yoshiwara and the distance from the center of Edo, Honjo (currently south side of Sumida-ku) and Fukagawa (currently the west side of Koto-ku) The popularity of the unapproved Yukaku (called "Oka Place"), such as has increased.

Question 5.

　In 1783 (1783), Tsutashige moved Koshodo from Yoshiwara to Tsuyu-cho, Nihonbashi district. What kind of town is this oil town now?

A. Nihonbashi Honmachi

B. Nihonbashi Honkokucho (Nihonbashi Honkokucho)

C. Nihonbashiodenmacho (Nihonbashiodenmacho)

D. Nihonbashikodenmacho

[Aim]

　This is a problem related to the place where Tsutashige worked, and asks the current name of Tsuyu-cho (hereinafter "Toyu-cho") in the Nihonbashi district where Koshodo was expanded from Yoshiwara.

　The question of asking the current town name of the old town name has also been questioned in the past (e.g. the 8th test question question 94 and the 10th test question question 17). The theme of the upcoming test is "The age and present when Juzaburo Tsutaya lived", so it may be highly likely that you will be asked.

[Read answer]

C. Nihonbashiodenmacho (Nihonbashiodenmacho)

[Description]

　In 1773 (1773), Tsutashige opened a bookstore (rental bookstore) called "Koshodo" by renting it at Yoshiwara / Daimonguchi in the aforementioned (Question 4) and at Hitechaya in Ikumamichi.

　Eventually, the scale shop Sonbei (Urokogata Yamagobe). We began to wholesale and retail "Yoshiwara Hosomi" (Yoshiwara Yukaku Guidebook) published by a long-established local wholesaler founded in Otemmacho, Edo during the Manji period (1658-1661). .

　In the spring of 1774 (1774), he became the editor-in-chief of the scale shop Sonbei version of "Hosomi Aodo", and in July of the same year, Tsutashige's first publication, "Ichimoku Senbon (Hitome Senbon) "has been published.

　In 1775 (1775), when Ringataya Sonbei was punished by a heavy board of Teshiro (employee) (published the same thing as other publishers without permission), he became a publisher himself. I started publishing the Tsuta heavy edition "Hosomi Yoshiwara".

　In 1777 (1777), Koshodo, which had been rented and operated, became independent in the immediate vicinity, and a new store was established.

　In 1783 (1783), he monopolized the publication of "Yoshiwara Hosomi", purchased stores and stocks (business rights) of bookstores in Toyu-cho, Maruya Kohei, and entered Koshodo in Toyu-cho. One of the Edo's leading local bookstores that deal with drama, Kyoka books, Ukiyo-e, etc.

　Tsuyu-cho is close to the play town (currently near Nihonbashi Ningyo-cho) where playhouses (Nakamura-za in Sakaimachi, Ichimura-za in Fukiya-cho, etc.) gather, and at that time the book was written There were plays and the contents of the play became books, so the people who wanted to read what they read were famous.

　I think the advance to Tsuyu-cho, where many bookstores and first-class publishers were lined up, was particularly significant in Tsutashige's success story. 

It is said that 　the oil town was named around the current Nihonbashiodenmacho, because there was a store selling kerosene.

　On Otemmacho Honmachidori (former Nikko Kaido) (13-8 Nihonbashi Daidenmacho), there is an explanation board (pictured below) of the site of "Koshodo".

4th Test Problems

Question 18.

　Juzaburo Tsutaya, a publisher of the Edo period, opened a local bookstore wholesaler in Nihonbashiodenmacho, dealing with fashionable books and ukiyo-e. What is the name of the bookstore opened by Tsutaya?

A. Taya, Tsu

B. Yoshiwara Hosomi-do

C. Hoseido

D. Koshodo

[Read answer]

　D. Koshodo

5th Test Problem

Question 61.

　In 1783 (1783), he opened a local bookstore called Koshodo in Nihonbashiodenmacho, and published works by Kyoden Santo, Katsushika Hokusai, and Sharaku Toshusai, who was called Edo's leading publisher.

A. Yasoemon Karai

B. Katsusaburo Kineya

C. Harumi Murata

D. Juzaburo Tsutaya

[Read answer]

　D. Juzaburo Tsutaya

6th Test Problems

Question 28.

　In the Edo period, Juzaburo Tsutaya opened a shop in Tsuyu-cho (now Nihonbashiodenmacho), which of the following occupations are:

A. pyrotechnician launches fireworks at the opening of the Sumida River

B. The owner who ran an oil wholesaler

C. Printer handles a wide range of products from publishing to retailing of ukiyo-e.

D. A wholesaler dealing with used tools and used clothes

[Read answer]

　C. Printer handles a wide range of products from publishing to retailing of ukiyo-e.

The 10th Examination Question

Question 18.

　On Honmachidori in Nihonbashiodenmacho, there is an explanation board indicating that there was once a local bookstore called Koshodo, which handles fashionable books and ukiyo-e. Who of the following publishers in the Edo period who opened this wholesaler?

A. Kiemon Tsuruya

B. Juzaburo Tsutaya

C. Yohachi Nishimura

D. Eikichi Uoya

[Read answer]

　B. Juzaburo Tsutaya

The 12th Test Problem

Question 64.

　In Nihonbashiodenmacho, there is an explanation board indicating that Juzaburo Tsutaya once opened Koshodo in this area. So, which of the following is the correct sentence explaining the contents of Koshodo?

A. A bookstore where you can read in the store

B. A local book wholesaler dealing with fashionable books and ukiyo-e.

C. Specialist who repairs damaged books and ukiyo-e

D. A library that stores historical books and picture scrolls

[Read answer]

　B. A local book wholesaler dealing with fashionable books and ukiyo-e.

This blog is "A must-see for everyone planning to take the test! The 17th Chuo-ku Tourism Certification "Tsutashige" Expectation Problem was created! (Part 1) ", I introduced five expected questions and five previous questions for the certification test in February next year.

I think that each person has the way of studying for the exam, but I think it is one of the effective exam measures to make your own predictions. The work of creating a problem and preparing an answer, or conversely preparing an answer to create a problem requires a variety of options, so you can learn a wide range of people and events related to the correct answer, I think you can dig deeper, including the differences.

Past check is essential for studying for the Chuo-ku Tourism Test, but once the check is completed, why not create a forecast problem with a sense of play?

Next time Part2 (Q6-Q10) will focus on the problem of people who lived in the same era as Tsutashige. I'm looking forward to it!

※ Regardless of the Chuo-ku Tourism Association and the Chuo-ku Tourism Certification Management Office, this "expected problem" is a blog that I personally summarized my personal opinion as a blog. Therefore, we have created it with great care, but we are not responsible for any errors in the contents, so please be aware that we are not responsible.

[Main References]

・Published on December 1, 2024, by Tomohiro Fukuda, "MS Mook Juzaburo Tsutaya and Geniuses who Colored the Culture of Edo" Media Software, supervised by Tomohiro Fukuda

・Separate volume Sun (No.89 Spring/1995) "Juzaburo Tsutaya's Job" Heibonsha, published on April 24, 1995.

・Published by Toshiyuki Suzuki, New Edition Juzaburo Tsutaya, Heibonsha, February 1, 2012

・Car floating book "Teaching of Tsutashige", Asuka Shinsha, published on February 10, 2014.