Official

What's the difference?　I think there are many people who think that there are many people.

I wasn't surprised.

This is located in front of the AC Hotel Tokyo Ginza 6-14 Ginza, where it is said that there was Courtyard Marriott Ginza Tobu Hotel, "Morita-za".

On the Showa-dori side here, there is an explanation board as shown above.

The ruins of Morita-za

Around Ginza 6-chome, 13-14

During the Edo period, there was a playhouse in Morita-za, which was called Edo Sanza among the plays of Kankyo, and performed Kabuki.

This area was called Kobikicho 5-chome, and in addition to Morita-za, there was Tosa-za, a playhouse in puppet ballad drama.

There are play teahouses around these, and it seems that they were bustling.

The name of Kobiki-cho seems to be due to the fact that there were many saw craftsmen (people who cut wood with large saws) when the castle was built.

Morita-za was founded here by Tarobee Morita in 1660 (Manji 3), and has since been named Kanya Morita.

Morita-za, along with Nakamura-za and Ichimura-za in Edo Sanza, located in Sakaimachi and Fukiya-cho (now around 3-chome, Nihonbashi Ningyocho, Chuo-ku), is located in Tenpo 13 (1842) From 14 years, Saruwakacho 1-chome, 3-chome (currently Asakusa, Taito-ku).

Later, in Ansei 5 (1858), "Morita-za" was changed to "Morita-za", moved to Shintomi in the current Chuo-ku in 1872, and was renamed "Shintomi-za" in the same year. .

Since then, it seems that the names have frequently changed from "Saruwakaza", "Kiriza", "Fukanoza", "Toza", etc. by the same year after the failure of the performance in 1879.

Renamed to Shintomiza in 1897, acquired by Shochiku Gaisha in 1942, burned down by the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923, and the playhouse that inherited the blood veins of Morita-za was cut off. Was.

In 2001, a wooden tag, an admission ticket for Morita-za, was excavated from the site of Kyobashi 2-chome, about 1 km northeast of here.

Kabuki playhouse, a culture that represents Japan, originated in Chuo-ku and is extremely important as an archeological material directly related to it, so it was registered as a Chuo Ward Cultural Property in April 2005. I am.

Near 5-13, Ginza

Yotsuya Kano, who was the inner painter of Edo shogunate, was the ancestor of the three brothers, Tanyu, Naonobu, and Yasunobu, and Kajibashi, the Kajibashi, Kobikicho, Nakahashi, and the branch of Nakahashi.

Naonobu Kano, the founder of the Kano family in Kibiki-cho, was called to Edo in Kanei 7 (1630), worshiped a mansion in Takekawa-cho (currently Ginza 7-chome) and became a Oku painter.

After that, at the time of Norinobu Rokudai (Michinobu: No. Egawa [Eisen], Egawa-in [Eisen], etc.), he gained the knowledge of the old man and Okitsugu Tanuma (Tanuma Okitsugu) and moved to the southwest corner of Tanuma House in Kibiki-cho and opened an art school.

Among the Oku painters, Kano Yotsuya, the most prosperous Kibikicho Kano family, received many requests for production paintings from various daimyo and others, and many gatekeepers gathered.

Most of the pupils were children of painters of various princes, who entered at the age of 14 to 15, and required more than 10 years of training.

After training, he was given a letter from the teacher's name and was said to have the qualification to form a family as a painter.

Many painters have been produced from this Kano painting school, but Yoshika Kano and Gaho Hashimoto, who have greatly contributed to the modern Japanese art world in the Meiji era, are both the teenth generation of the Kano family in Kibikicho.・ Masanobu (Tadanobu) is a student.

Near 6-15, Ginza

In this area, there was a private school in Shinano-kuni (now Nagano Prefecture) Matsuyo (Matsushiro) clansman Shozan Sakuma (1811-1864).

Shozan first studied Confucianism, opened a private school near Kanda Otamagaike in 1839, and also served as the president of the Edo clan residence school of the Matsuyo clan.

Later, he devoted himself to the problem of defense and studied Western artillery and Dutch studies, and in 1851, he taught military science and artillery, and gave lectures on maritime defense measures. ) Was opened.

According to the pictorial map revised in 1853, the name of "Shuri Sakuma" can be seen in a place facing "Katsukawa Kano (Shosen: Shozan, a painting school of the Shogunate Oku-e artist Kibikicho)". .

This cram school is about 20 tsubo, and it is said that 30 to 40 people were always learning.

A large number of talented human resources, including Kaishu Katsu, Yoshida Shoin, Hashimoto Sanai, and Tsugunosuke, can be found in the gate book of Tosa clansman Sakamoto Ryoma.

Ryoma went to Edo for his first swordsmanship training (*) in 1853, and entered Shozan on December 1st, the middle of that.

The number of students in artillery training from various clans increased rapidly at the private schools in Kibori-cho, but in 1854, when the gatekeeper Yoshida Shoin failed to smuggle the United States, Shozan was ordered to stay in Kunimoto. The cram school was also closed.

※　The explanation board of "Tosa Clan Tsukiji House Ruins (1-1-6 Tsukiji, 2-chome 1-6-9 area)" beside Chuo-ku government office is on the explanation board.

"Sakamoto Ryoma, who established the Satsuma and Choshu Alliance and proposed the reign of the great government, came to Edo for training swordsmanship from 1856 to 5 years ago. Ryoma boarded the Tsukiji residence of the Tosa clan in this area and went to Sadakichi Chiba (Sadakichi) dojo, which is said to have been located in Okemachi (now part of Yaesu 2-chome and Kyobashi 2-chome). It seems that. "

Yes, it is.

Ryoma-san, you've been walking around Chuo-ku several times and for a long time.

・・・From here, it is related to Edo Kabuki in the ward.

One of the features of Edo Kabuki is the performance of Arago, which was founded by the first Danjuro Ichikawa.

The story of Kanzenchoaku, a hero who performed Kumatori, destroying the villains, attracted the audience in line with the spirit of Edo, an emerging city.

Also, in the late Edo period, the fourth generation Nanboku Tsuruya wrote masterpieces such as `` Tokaido Yotsuya Kaidan '' and Mokuami Kawatake wrote `` Aoto manuscript Hana Aya painting (Aoto Zoshi Hana no Shikie: Shiranami Five Men) '', enlivening Edo Kabuki.

From the central area where Edo Sanza was performing, the tickets for the theater at the time, "Kiritoshifuda" and "Domafuda" have been excavated.

The former was a so-called unreserved seat, and the latter was a slightly higher seat.

"Ichimura-za's cut successful bid" was excavated from Nihonbashi 2-chome archeological site, "Morita-za's cut successful bid" was excavated from Kyobashi 2-chome archeological site, and "Nakamura-za's Doma bill" was excavated from Nihonbashi 1-chome archeological site.

There is no other example of an entrance ticket for Edo Sanza being excavated, and it is an extremely important material related to Edo Kabuki.

-From Chuo-ku Monoshiri Encyclopedia that you can walk~

(Omitted)

In the first year of Kanbun (1661), Kabuki performances were prohibited except in Sakaimachi, where Nakamuraza is located, Fukiya-cho where Ichimura-za is located, and Kobiki-cho where Yamamura-za and Morita-za are located. Kabuki performances were performed as a playhouse.

(Omitted)

・・・ Ejima, Ikushima and other stakeholders were severely punished, and Yamamuraza was forced to be abolished.

As a result of this incident, the Edo government's government and the playhouse became the three seats of Nakamuraza, Ichimuraza, and Moritaza, and this was protected until the Meiji era.

In addition, Edo Sanza was forced to relocate to Asakusa in 1842 due to the reform of Tenpo by Tadakuni Mizuno, an old man, and was to perform in Asakusa Saruwaka-cho.

In 1872, Morita-za (later renamed Shintomiza) moved from Asakusa to Shintomi-cho, and the theater returned to Chuo-ku.

(Omitted)

-From Chuo-ku Monoshiri Encyclopedia that you can walk~

3-4 Kyobashi, near Chuo-dori

In Edo Kabuki, Kansaburo Saruwaka of Saruwakaza (later Nakamuraza) raised a tower at Nakahashi Nanchi (Nakabashi Nanchi: current around Kyobashi 1-chome) in the first year of Kanei (1624). Begins.

The monument is located at the foot of Kyobashi.

-From Chuo-ku Monoshiri Encyclopedia that you can walk~

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Nihonbashi Ningyocho 3-chome 2-7 Area

Sakaimachi is said to have been reclaimed in the swamps during the Keicho era (1596-1615), and by the time of Meiji 2 (1656), Kami-Sakaimachi in the western half was divided as Fukiya-cho, Shimo-Sakaimachi in the eastern half remained as Sakaimachi.

During the Edo period, playhouses and teahouses surrounding them were gathered around this area, and it was very busy.

Among the playhouses, there were Nakamura-za and Ichimura-za (other than Morita-za near Ginza 6-chome), which performed Kabuki, among the performances of the government called Edo Sanza, and there were also many playhouses in puppet ballad drama.

Nakamura-za, the leader of Edo Sanza, was Kansaburo Saruwaka, who moved from Kyoto to Edo, founded Saruwakaza (later Nakamura-za) in Nakahashi Minamichi (currently around Kyobashi 1-chome) in the first year of Kanei (1624). This was the birthplace of Edo Kabuki, which is connected to the present.

In 1632, he moved to Negimachi (now around 1-chome Nihonbashi Horidomecho), and in Keian 4 (1651), moved to Shimo-Sakaimachi, and at the time of the second generation Kanzaburo, Nakamura named his last name Nakamura "Nakamuraza".

During this time, in Sakaimachi, Toza was founded in Kami-Sakaimachi in 1633 and Murayama-za (later Ichimura-za) was established in 1634.

(Omitted)

The playhouses in Sakaimachi and Fukiya-cho stand up Saruwaka 1-chome to 3-chome (currently around 6-chome Asakusa, Taito-ku) from Tenpo 13 (1842) to the following 14 years due to the reform of Tenpo. Until it was moved, it was here around 200 years ago.

In recent years, excavations have been conducted at Nihonbashi Ningyocho 3-chome, and relics related to teahouses and plays have also been excavated.

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(Explanatory board installation) 3-6-7 Nihonbashi Ningyocho

During the Edo period, this area was very lively as a "play town" where many playhouses and teahouses surrounding them gathered.

Among the playhouses, there were Nakamuraza and Ichimuraza, who performed Kabuki, among the performances of the government called Edo Sanza, and there were many other playhouses in puppet ballad drama.

These playhouses were here for about 200 years until they were relocated to Asakusa due to the reform of Tenpo.

-From Chuo-ku Monoshiri Encyclopedia that you can walk~

2-6-13 Nihonbashi Ningyocho (in Hamacho Ryokudo Park)

350 years ago (* 1), there were towns called Fukiya-cho and Sakaimachi around today's Ningyocho.

At that time, in this town, Ichimura-za and Nakamura-za of the playhouses, which were called Edo Sanza, performed Kabuki and was called the play district.

In addition, there were several puppet showhouses by Joruri, which were popular among the common people along with Kabuki.

The puppeteers who made and repaired the dolls used here lived around this area, and also sold puppets and dolls.

The above is said to be Ningyocho, and it can be said that the neighborhood of Ningyocho can be called the birthplace of Edo Kabuki, which is thriving today.

At the time of renovation of the green road, a statue of Benkei Musashibo, a popular Kanjin book among Kabuki 18th, was set up in the square at the entrance, and a checkpoint-style crown gate (*2) was set up on the back to create the Edo atmosphere.

※1 Considering the number of years elapsed since the installation of the signboard, "regression" needs to be added for another 50 years.

※2 "Kangimon" is currently being removed.

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4-12-15, Ginza

Kabukiza was the main writer and president of the Tokyo Nichi-Nichi Shimbun (the predecessor of the Mainichi Shimbun) and was also motivated by the theater improvement movement, led by Genichiro Fukuchi (Fukuchigenichiro: Sakura Chi [Ouchi]). It opened in 1889.

The new Kabukiza, which opened in April 2013, is equipped with state-of-the-art equipment while inheriting the exterior and interior view of the 4th Kabukiza, which has been popular for many years, and has been equipped with state-of-the-art facilities. (Omitted)

-From Chuo-ku Monoshiri Encyclopedia that you can walk~

"Morita-za Ruins" is in the center or in the upper right corner.

"Kano Painting School Ruins" is at the lower right of Morita-za Ruins.

"Shozan Sakuma Juku Site" is located on the right of the site of Kano Art School.

The starting point of this series is indicated by a red star in the upper left.